End Condition with Highest Buckling Load
MediumcolumnsEuler buckling
For ideal columns with equal length L, elastic modulus E, and second moment of area I, which end condition has the greatest Euler buckling capacity?
- AFixed-free
- BPinned-pinned
- CFixed-pinned
- DFixed-fixed
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Answer: D. Fixed-fixed
Euler capacity is Pcr = π²EI/(KL)². Ideal effective-length factors are 2.0 for fixed-free, 1.0 for pinned-pinned, approximately 0.7 for fixed-pinned, and 0.5 for fixed-fixed. The smallest K gives the greatest capacity.
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